(一版)臺中市103年全民防衛動員（萬安37號）暨災害防救演習 作者：災害管理科科員 黃博駿 譯者：第八救災救護大隊組長 凃政宏

鑒於全球氣候與自然環境變遷，近年大規模天然災害經常以複合型態發生，為強化本市面對大規模災害之整備、應變及復原措施，秉持「防災重於救災、離災優於防災」原則，充分運用政府及民間力量，落實中央與地方間相互支援與合作策略，整合臺中市政府各機關年度各項演練，辦理複合性災害防救演習，以提昇全國民眾防災共識，展現政府災害防救之決心。
In consideration of global climate and natural environment transition, large scale natural disaster usually happens in multiple types in recent years. In the course of enhancing preparation, emergency operation, and rehabilitation towards large scale disaster, based on the spirit “prevention is more important than rescue, evacuation is even better than prevention”, Taichung City fully utilized government and civil power, implemented central and local mutual assistance and cooperation strategy, integrated each drill of every organization, Taichung City Government managed multiple disaster prevention and rescue drill, thus to promote citizen’s disaster prevention common sense, and show government’s determination towards disaster prevention and rescue.

「全民防衛動員暨災害防救演習」，係採2年1輪序方式，於年度2月至6月間實施兵棋推演及綜合實作演練，並每年實施全民防空演練。本市103年擇定轄內地震災害高危險潛勢區域，於3月26日，假大肚區公所及中油王田供油中心辦理「臺中市103年全民防衛動員（萬安37號）暨災害防救演習」，由行政院長江宜樺、行政院副秘書長蕭家淇及市長胡志強親臨現場督導演練過程。
「The Whole People Defensive Mobilization and Disaster Prevention and Rescue Drill」is a biennial event held between February and June, including war gaming and combined practical drill, and carry out the whole people air-defense drill. Taichung City chose high earthquake disaster potential area, and managed “Taichung City Wan-an 37th Maneuver and Disaster Prevention and Rescue drill in 2014” at Dadu District Office and Wangtien Fuel Distribution Center, CPC Corporation on March 26th. Yi-hua Jiang, Premier of the Executive Yuan, Jia-chi Shiau, Deputy Secretary-general of the Executive Yuan, and Taichung City Mayor, Jason Hu all attended and supervised the drill process.

本次演習想定本市大肚區發生芮氏規模6.8、震度7級之強烈地震，模擬遭受類似「921大地震」所引發之複合式災害，其受災程度及規模非本市救災能量或資源可應變處理，除須立即啟動各項開口合約外，更須透過國軍部隊、民間救災能量及未受災縣市支援協助，始能有效處置災情、降低人命傷亡及財產損失。
The drill hypothesized a strong earthquake measuring Richter magnitude scale 6.8 and earthquake intensity 7 hit Dadu District, simulated a similar multiple disaster caused by 921 earthquake happening, and the disaster condition and scale is over city rescue power or resource, the government not only started open contract, but also needed assistance from military, civil rescue power, and those counties/ cities who are not suffered from disaster, thus we could effectively conduct disaster condition and reduce casualties of lives and properties.

為達上述目的，本市邀集全民防衛動員、災害防救及全民戰力綜合協調三會報人員、區長、公(民)營事業單位、非營利事業機構、志工團體、與國軍部隊等單位，共同實施「兵棋推演」，就狀況情境由各權責單位實施災情處置，以驗證市府整體災害防救機制運作、政軍合同之指揮應變、縣市政府間跨區支援、及民力救災資源整合效能。
In order to achieve the above-mentioned goals, Taichung City invited the whole people mobilization, disaster prevention and rescue and the whole people battle power combined coordination personnel, district chief, public/ civil business unit, non-profit organization, volunteer group, and military, collectively implemented war gaming, carried out disaster condition conduct depend on situation scenario, to proof government’s whole disaster prevention and rescue system operation, government and military’s common direct and emergency operation, cross area assistance between county/ city government, and the integrated efficiency of civil rescue resources.

除辦理「兵棋推演」，本市亦整合建設、消防、警察、民政、社會、衛生、環保、交通、人事、新聞、都發、經發、教育、公(民)營事業單位、非營利事業機構、學校、志工團體、區公所及國軍部隊，辦理「綜合實作演練」。結合實際景況，以實地、實人、實物及實作演練原則，驗證兵棋推演結論，本「地方政府救災、國軍及中央支援」原則，以狀況誘導方式演練災情查通報、危險建築物緊急評估、建築物倒塌、火警搶救、大量傷病患、災害應變中心、前進指揮所、疏散撤離、道路橋梁中斷、毒性化學物質災害搶救、電信及維生管線系統中斷、民生物資調度、收容安置、傳染病防治、罹難遺體處理及環境清理消毒等狀況，實施複合式災害防救，並行示範觀摩。
Besides war gaming, Taichung City also integrated construction, fire, police, civil affairs, social welfare, health, environmental protection, transportation, personnel, information, urban development, economic development, education, public/ civil business unit, non-profit organization, school, volunteer group, district office, and military to manage multiple practical drill. To combine real situation, with real place, real people, real material, and real implementation, to proof war gaming’s conclusion, based on the principle“local government provides disaster relief, military and central government provide assistance”, utilizing situation induced way to perform disaster condition report, dangerous construction emergency assessment, construction collapse, firefighting, multiple casualty incident, emergency operation center opening, advance command post opening, evacuation, road and bridge collapse, hazardous chemical material disaster rescue, telecommunications and lifeline system break off, livelihood material dispatch, shelter for the homeless, control of communicable diseases, victim’s body handling, and environment clean and disinfection, implement multiple disaster prevention and rescue, and perform demonstration and observation.

本次演習廣泛邀請民意代表、新聞媒體、民眾、學生及潛勢地區保全住戶觀摩，藉以宣導民眾防災、離災觀念，提升災害防救意識。此外，更透過辦理演習落實災害防救教育訓練，建立社區自主防災觀念，提升社區互助救災能力，達到社區自主防災、自主研判、自主避難撤離的目標，降低災害發生時民眾慌亂之情緒。
The drill generally invited elected representatives, news media, civilians, students, and high disaster potential area households, so as to promote disaster prevention and evacuation concept, and straighten disaster prevention and rescue consciousness. In addition, through the drill, we could fulfill disaster prevention and rescue education and training, build community spontaneous disaster prevention concept, upgrade community disaster prevention, achieve the goal of spontaneous judge, spontaneous evacuation, and thus to calm people down while disaster happening.

演練結束後，江院長除了肯定各參演單位精神抖擻、動作確實之外，亦表示臺中市在胡市長帶領下，市府各單位充分展現平時扎實、熟練的災害防救能力，將是未來人民生命財產安全的最佳保障。
After the drill, Premier Jiang not only approved that every involved unit full of energy and act certainly, he also indicated that, under the lead of Mayor Hu, Taichung City Government fully perform sturdy and skilled disaster prevention and rescue capability in the peacetime, and will be the best safety assurance of civilian’s life and property.